The EAC, a multi-partner policy
The generalization of artistic and cultural education is anchored in the territories, privileged places of proximity and effectiveness of action, thanks to the close collaboration between the services of the State, the local authorities and the multiple actors involved.
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A multi-partner action
The government has a long-standing ambition for arts and cultural education: to reach 100% of young people. This ambitious goal entails a plural and multi-partner porting. This makes it possible to irrigate all the territories of the Republic, to make culture accessible everywhere in our territories and in the immediate vicinity of our fellow citizens.
The institutional partnership aims to implement a policy, a device or the design of an education or training. It provides the framework for implementing the BEC journey or developing a project within a territory.
It may involve, depending on its nature, multiple actors at different levels, national or territorial:
- government services;
- local and regional authorities;
- cultural, educational or social actors;
- the artists...
Inter-ministerial policies and partnership work with local and regional authorities have two objectives:
- ensure the participation in the artistic and cultural life of all children and young people;
- establish continuity of the EAC offer over all periods of life.
In this sense, the Ministry of Culture inscribes its action in the interministerial policies of cultural democratization, with the ministries in charge of National Education, Youth, Agricultural Education, Interior, Social Affairs, Foreign Affairs, Tourism, Territorial Cohesion, Justice, Family, Solidarity, Disability or Health. National conventions and memoranda of understanding in favour of the EAC are generally implemented in framework conventions at the territorial level (mainly regional) , mobilizing decentralized services of the State (Rectorate and DAAC, DRAAF, DRJSCS, DDCS, PJJ, ARS) and local authorities around objectives adjusted to local specificities.
Generalizing without standardizing: the territorial issue
France is rich in an incredible geographical, social, cultural and heritage diversity, and can count on the vitality of creation throughout the country. The success of a national public policy depends on the ability to take into account and value this diversity, in a permanent concern for national equity of which the State is the guarantor.
This requires working as closely as possible to each territory, in constant coordination with all stakeholders. This is the strategic role of the decentralized services of the State, that of the Regional Directorates of Cultural Affairs for the Ministry of Culture.
This necessary articulation was recalled by Article 103 of Law NOTRE n°2015-991 of 7 August 2015: "Responsibility in cultural matters is exercised jointly by local authorities and the State in respect of cultural rights (…)".
The Law of 7 July 2016 on Freedom of Creation, Architecture and Heritage (LCAP) has made it possible to redefine the scope and articulation of this shared jurisdiction, highlighting in its articles 3 and 5 artistic and cultural education, as allowing “the development of individual abilities and promoting equal access to culture”.
To embody the permanence of this dialogue between the State and local authorities, a Territorial Council for Culture (CTC), created in 2019, brings together under the presidency of the Minister of Culture the main associations and federations representing all types of local authorities. In order to move towards greater adaptation to territorial issues and differentiation, territorialized CTCs were born in 2020, co-chaired by the prefects and presidents of the region, after a preparatory work led by the RDAs.
How do drac carry the generalization of the EAC in the territories?
The Regional Directorates of Cultural Affairs ( DAC/ DRAC) are the privileged agents of the essential dialogue of the State and local authorities. Indeed, if the State is the guarantor of equity and national cohesion, the communities bring a detailed knowledge of the issues specific to their territories and a capacity of direct address to the inhabitants.
The drac are confronted with three main challenges to concretely encourage the generalization of the EAC:
- Consider children and youth. At each age: school time, extracurricular (daycare, study and leisure center) and extra-curricular (family and peer); and throughout its course, from birth to adulthood.
- Take into account all the particular situations of life of children and young people: by identifying priority areas for targeted action (city policy, peri-urban or isolated rural areas, etc.) with a view to social and territorial cohesion; paying particular attention to the specificities related to health, disability, the diversity of family situations, situations of great precariousness, placement under the hand of justice…
- Offer to all quality projects that allow to mobilize the different artistic and cultural actors
How is the mobilization of partners?
To succeed in this articulation work, the DRAC put in coherence the different existing strategies and proposals in terms of EAC: ministerial or interdepartmental arrangements, proposals of local authorities and the offer of cultural structures.
In this spirit, the DRAC/DAC favours a multi-party approach, aimed at all children’s times and encouraging actions ensuring continuity of action in school and extracurricular time, mobilizing multiple actors:
The decentralized services of the State
- National Education Services:
- academic delegations to cultural action (DAAC);
- Inspection Corps (IA/IPR and IEM);
- the directorates of the departmental services of the National Education.
- The other State services and operators concerned by this policy:
- Regional Food, Agriculture and Forestry Directorates (DRAAF) for agricultural education;
- the regional and departmental directorates for youth, sports and social cohesion (DRJSCS - DDCS) to take into account extra-curricular, extra-curricular and territorial cohesion;
- inter-regional and territorial directorates for the judicial protection of young people (JJPs) under a judicial measure;
- universities (including INSPE schools) and higher education colleges;
- Regional Health Agencies (RHA) for hospitalized or disabled youth.
The different levels of local authorities
- regional councils;
- departmental councils;
- intercommunalities;
- the cities.
Local authorities are major players in cultural policies. They invest more than €8.7 billion per year.
Half of their expenditure is devoted to support for artistic expression and cultural activities (performing arts, visual arts, artistic education), of which 20% is for cultural action, the remainder being intended to support the conservation and enhancement of heritage (museums, archives, libraries, etc.).
The commitment of communities makes it possible to irrigate all the territories, to make culture accessible everywhere in our territories and in the immediate vicinity of our fellow citizens.
Artistic and cultural structures in these partnerships:
All public structures or structures funded by the Ministry of Culture Among their priority objectives are the development of EAC actions, notably through the establishment of partnerships.
Thus, both national operators, labeled networks or private actors, particularly associative, subsidized, are likely to carry partnerships contributing to the generalization of the EAC.
Nationally, public institutions and operators of the department may deploy partnerships :
- capable of allowing the deployment of a national system : for example the DEMOS project led by the Philharmonie de Paris throughout France, or the Creation in progress device led by Ateliers Medicis in Montfermeil.
- In view of a territorial contribution to priority national policy objectives : for example partnerships between National Public Institutions and Priority Security Zone Neighbourhoods for the deployment of cultural development projects, including an EAC component.
- Another example is the contribution of 100 national monuments, managed by the NMCthe cultural animation of territories and the development of art and culture education for local audiences, particularly in rural areas, by welcoming 550,000 students each year in the school setting.
Several associative networks are supported by the Ministry of Culture to deploy partnerships and actions for the benefit of the EAC.
Thus the ministry supports the action of solidarity associations and popular education federations by conventionalities renewed every 3 years, through which the latter commit to promote the discovery and appropriation of tangible and intangible heritage in all their fields, through a diversity of approaches, practices and explorations that can mix visual arts, living arts, literature, digital, science and technology…
Within the framework of the priorities currently defined, one can mention, under the emblematic partnerships of the current actions:
- cultural actors, local (operators belonging to the networks labeled by the Ministry of Culture – conservatories, national stages, museums of France, … -, territorial cultural facilities – libraries, municipal theatres, etc.- or cultural actors outside networks – companies, collectives, associations, etc.);
- School/library partnerships for the development of reading pleasure;
- partnerships between schools/conservatories or stages under agreement for the development of choral singing at school;
- school partnerships/ associative networks (Orchestre à l'école, VMR, JMF) and operators (Philharmonie in particular) promoting the development of collective musical practices at school, particularly in priority areas (measure 39 of the City Policy roadmap);
- the partnerships developed within the framework of the city’s policy between cultural equipment covered by the Ministry of Culture’s certified networks and a priority neighbourhood, which systematically include an EAC component. The development of the «Educational Cities» also contributes to this.
Support for the creation and intervention of artists
Through collaborations with cultural structures and/ or the establishment of territorial residencies of artists, the DRAC support artistic interventions in cultural action or creations.
Working methods and steering bodies
To succeed in the generalization of the EAC, the first essential step is to put everyone around the table to conduct a joint action, structured by dialogue and steering bodies.
At the regional level, the Regional Territorial Committee, chaired by the Regional Prefect (where appropriate represented by the DRAC) and the Rector, involves the State services and local authorities. The steering committee thus makes it possible to raise awareness of the importance of the policy and to invite each party to draw on this assessment to promote progress in the common experience.
At the departmental level, the DRAC promotes harmonization and cooperation between communities of communes, in dialogue with the department.
At the level of municipalities and especially inter-communal, the DRAC carry territorial/local contracts for arts and cultural education that can take many forms (CTEAC: EAC territorial contract; CLEA: local contract for arts education; CTL: Contract Territory-Reading...), and whose animation is generally based on:
- a steering committee with a strategic aim (making the diagnosis, defining the EAC policy articulated with local cultural policy, evaluating the action taken, etc.);
- a technical committee dedicated to the design and follow-up of the EAC course.
Nearly 325 such agreements are currently active in France.
The drac also contribute to territorial contracts issued by the Agence nationale de la cohesion des territoires (ANCT) - city and rural contracts - by integrating a cultural component.
Valuation: the HCEAC and the "100% EAC" label
The High Council for Arts and Cultural Education brings together representatives of all EAC stakeholders, under the co-chairmanship of the Ministers of National Education, Youth and Sports, and Culture. In a sense, it is the “parliament” of the BEC, where communities, as well as interdepartmental and associative partners, can fully contribute to BEC’s public policy strategic directions.
Between 2018 and 2020, the HCEAC led a working group dedicated to the territorial deployment of the EAC’s generalization strategies, which contributed to the implementation of the 100% EAC label. This 100% EAC College, bringing together Bessancourt (Val d'Oise), Cannes (Alpes-Maritimes), Carros (Alpes-Maritimes), Château-Arnoux-Saint-Auban (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence), Château-Thierry (Aisne), Guingamp (Côtes d'Armor), La Courneuve (Seine-Saint-Denis), Metz (Moselle), Quimper (Finistère) and Saint-Brieuc (Côtes d'Armor) has contributed its expertise for the development of methodological tools that accompany labelling.
The practical guide for the territorial inventory and the commitment file that have been developed allow communities to self-assess, to draw up an inventory and build a strategy for generalization of the EAC for their territory.
The 100% EAC label is intended for municipalities, communities of municipalities, agglomeration communities, urban communities, metropolises. It is awarded by the regional prefects and the rectors of the academy, for a period of five years, after the advice of the regional directorates of cultural affairs and the rectorates, who will be able to mobilize the expertise of their partners as necessary. It will be renewable upon presentation of a balance sheet.
From the first session in 2022, 79 territories, spread across all regions, were labeled 100% EAC; 78 (including two overseas) were labeled in 2023.
The 100% EAC label data is freely accessible on the department’s open data platform.
In 2023, 78 territories (including two overseas) were labeled 100% EAC for five years.
For the 2nd session of application for the 100% EAC label, the commitment files must be completed online from 15 March 2023 to 30 September 2023.
https://www.culture.gouv.fr/Demarches-en-ligne/Par-type-de-demarche/Demandes-de-labellisation/Label-100-EAC
Presentation of the labelling process, the practical guide for the territorial inventory and the commitment file
Allocation procedure:
- Online applications from 15 March 2023 to 30 September 2023.
- Joint instruction by the Rectorate and the Regional Directorate for Cultural Affairs, which may involve other experts: autumn 2023.
- Joint award of the 100% EAC label by letter co-signed by the regional prefect and the rector of the academy on the advice of the services, for a period of 5 years, end 2023.
- Presentation of the territories labeled by the ministers in charge of national education and culture in plenary session of the HCEAC.
- Renewal of the label after five years on presentation of a balance sheet.
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