Marseille - Synagogue, rue de Breteuil
Synagogues
The synagogue, still called the Great Temple, was built in the Castellane district between Breteuil Street and the Dragon Alley.
Nathan Salomon’s plans were adopted by the Consistory and the Ministry of Worship in 1860. The first stone was laid on 15 July 1863. The inauguration took place on 22 September 1864 in the presence of the city authorities.
The party chosen is basilical, coming from both ancient models and the church, with forums assigned to women. A monumental façade, set back from the street, is flanked by two pavilions, separating the functions of worship from teaching and administration. It is dominated by tables of the law and decorated with a central rose window, inspired by the Romanesque facades.
The model is undoubtedly the synagogue of the rue de Nazareth (3rd Paris) built in 1852 in a Romano-Byzantine style. The style of the bays and the monumental gate can also be compared to that of the synagogue on rue des Victoires (9th Paris) built in 1874 by Aldrophe. Inside, the taste of decorum is marked by the presence of a pulpit and an organ. The stylistic references and materials of the East and the West blend harmoniously, reflecting the origins of the faithful, but also in echo to the great contemporary works of Notre-Dame de la Garde (1853-1864 Esperanto) and the Cathedral of the Major (1852 and 1893 by Léon Vaudoyer).
The synagogue on Rue de Breteuil is one of the most beautiful religious achievements of the Second Empire. Its monumentality expresses the values of a recognized community and attests to a desire for integration into French society. This building of Hebrew worship is the oldest preserved in the Phocean city.
protection: the synagogue also known as the great temple or the great synagogue in its entirety with the exception of the foundations, including the pavilions, the forecourt, with the portal and the fence gates (cad. C 123), entry by order of 1 August 2007
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