Participant file
2.III – The training of cultural professionals
III – The training of cultural professionals
3.1. Initial training
Survey on compliance with the obligation to provide accessibility training
At the request of the Committee of Understanding of the National Commission on Culture and Disability, the General Secretariat of the Ministry of Culture and Communication has committed, in 2010, to produce an overview of the implementation of the obligation of accessibility training in the national higher education institutions concerned, with reference to the Decree No. 2007-436 of 25 March 2007 on training for the accessibility of the built environment for persons with disabilities, pursuant to Article 41-V of Law No. 2005-102 of 11 February 2005 andImplementing Decree «Culture» of 26 May 2008 which sets out the list of Culture diplomas, titles and certifications concerned by the obligation to provide training in the accessibility of the built environment to persons with disabilities. It is now done.
This survey, finalised in September 2012, made it possible to establish an inventory of the actual implementation of the obligation, the methods of implementation, the training content provided, any difficulties encountered and the cost of implementation.
The survey, in the form of a questionnaire addressed to schools, was carried out among the national institutions of higher education Culture listed by the decree of 26 May 2008, 9 art schools and 23 architecture schools under the supervision or pedagogical control of the Ministry of Culture.
In addition, the Ministry of Culture and Communication extend this survey to establishments not referenced in the orderby:
- 2 “heritage” institutions: the Louvre School and the National Heritage Institute (INP);
- the Institut National Supérieur d'Architecture de Strasbourg and ESA (which are recognised by the MCC);
- Fémis and INA Sup, for the image and sound professions.
Finally, the survey also looked at the continuing education provided by certain institutions referred for the study.
For schools of architecture, all diplomas are covered by this obligation (Diploma of study in architecture conferring the degree of license, Diploma of State of Architect conferring the degree of master, Habilitation of the architect graduated from State to the exercise of the mastery in his own name (HMONP), Diploma of specialization and deepening in architecture.
For art schools, some degrees are concerned: the National Diploma of Arts and Techniques (DNAT), the National Diploma of Plastic Arts (DNAP) option design, the National Higher Diploma of Plastic Expression (DNSEP) option design, the diploma of the National Higher School of Decorative Arts (interior architecture, space art, graphic design, object design, multimedia, scenography) and the diploma of the Ecole nationale supérieure de création industrielle.
The formations of the living spectacle are excluded from the aforementioned order.
Presentation of the survey results
For National Higher Schools of Architecture and/or Landscape:
As regards the National Institutes of Architecture (ENSA) interviewed, 17 responded.
- 13 schools have implemented training;
- 4 schools do not provide training on accessibility, but 3 of them have undertaken a reflection on its implementation.
As a result, the majority of Culture schools are now engaged. The implementation of the obligation is effective, even if improvements are still desirable.
Training is usually provided by practicing architects. Some schools have formed training pairs composed of practising architects and professionals in the disability sector (representatives of associations of disabled persons or professionals in the medical and social sector).
An example of good practice: Belleville National School of Architecture
1st year of license: A seminar-meeting in the framework of an architecture studio
During this seminar the school offered to the students an exchange and a debate after the presentation of videos, photos and interviews, which allow them to discover a panel of users in concrete and daily situations. This seminar-meeting is considered more as a time of awareness than as a time of learning. The teaching team considers that the students, at this stage, do not have the maturity or the knowledge to provide them with training in the accessibility of the built environment.
2nd year of license: An intensive three half days
The training is the subject of a specific teaching entitled «Corps, matière d'architecture». This intensive was created and is taught by two former students specializing in accessibility (including a worker with a motor disability).
This teaching combines a theoretical approach and a physical experiment, the organization of workshops to understand disability in all its forms.
Its objectives are to get students to:
- to place the individual and the concept of use in the design of the architectural project while broadening the concept of disability;
- understand, test and analyse the needs and preferences of disabled users;
- to question the challenges of creating spaces accessible to all and the social role of architecture; to combine form, functionality and comfort in their approach to space.
The school has chosen to place this intensive in 2nd year license, in order to reach all students.
Students seem receptive to this approach.
3rd year of license: a training in transversal accessibility to all the teachings and integrating within the different studios is proposed.
Regarding the impact of training on students and the emergence of future accessibility professionals in architecture schools:
Within the framework of the final study project (PFE) for obtaining the DEA as part of the initial training, 3 institutions mention the fact that some students focus their subject on the theme of disability. It is usually one to two students per promotion.
Finally, with regard to newly graduated students, 2 out of 13 schools point out that some students focus on a professional activity related to accessibility issues. This is one to two students per promotion.
Concerning continuing education in architecture schools:
Of the 15 schools offering continuing education, only 3 offer specific accessibility training.
Within the National Schools of Plastic Arts:
Of 9 schools, 8 returned the survey.
Not all of the schools surveyed provide diplomas subject to compulsory accessibility training: of the 9 schools only 5 are concerned.
Among these five schools:
- 2 schools (the National School of Decorative Arts and the National School of Plastic Arts of Dijon) currently offer specific annual sessions. These sessions allow students to raise awareness of disability through concrete activities.
- The other 3 schools are mobilized to integrate accessibility training into their educational program.
For the seams ' Heritage»
The two heritage institutions, the École du Louve and the Institut du Patrimoine (INP), responded to the questionnaire. These schools award diplomas which are not subject to compulsory accessibility training for persons with disabilities, although the latter is provided in both institutions.
For “image and sound” jobs
The two schools interviewed, the Fémis (School of Cinema) and the INA Sup (School of the National Institute of Audiovisual) provided some answers. These schools are not subject to mandatory accessibility training for persons with disabilities. However, La Fémis has implemented accessibility training in a sector related to the distribution and exploitation of the film sector.
The reception of the disabled public is addressed in the training mentioned as well as the regulatory framework of the building of cinemas (regulation of establishments receiving from the public). It has been integrated into an existing teaching module. The courses are taught by architects and urban planners.
Action plan following the inventory
At the end of the survey on compliance with the obligation of accessibility training in national higher education institutions, the Ministry of Culture and Communication:
- addition of heritage diplomas:
- Undergraduate and graduate degrees from the École du Louvre
- Diploma in Museology from the Ecole du Louvre
- Advanced research diploma from the Ecole du Louvre
- INP Heritage Curator Diploma
- Diplomas from higher schools of plastic arts (creation of objects participating in the movement chain)
-
-
-
-
-
- integration of institutions in the image and sound business and heritage in the list of institutions concerned by the obligation:
-
-
-
-
-
- INA Sup
- La Fémis
- The Louvre School
- The National Heritage Institute
- Higher Schools of Plastic Arts2. to create a Working group on the development of a framework for accessibility training for the architecture sector. This group may be broken down by sector.
- For architecture schools, the working group met for the first time in May 2013. This working group will be expanded to include the Order of Architects and associations representing persons with disabilities who are signatories to the convention initiated by the Order.
3.2. Continuing training
In the spirit of the seminar organized at the Palace of the National Domain of Versailles on 17 and 18 March 2011 on the theme of accessibility of the old protected built environment, In 2012, the Ministry of Culture and Communication wanted to reflect on access to artistic practices and, more specifically, on the reception of people with disabilities in arts education institutions. Thus, in May 2012, at the Conservatoire à rayonnement régional in Caen, the National Interprofessional Meetings on Handicap Music and Theatre were held.
For the professionals of the Cinema, the «Un autre regard» meetings organized in March 2012, in conjunction with the association Retour d'image, in St Gilles croix de Vie, constituted a strong time of awareness of the professionals of the sector, in conjunction with associations representing persons with disabilities.
In 2013, the ministry supported the INSHEA (National Institute of Training and Research for the Education of Young People with Disabilities and Adapted Education) for the organization of an international seminar on the theme of arts and cultural education and disability.
For book professionals, in addition to the study days organized throughout the year on various topics related to access to books and reading for audiences prevented from reading because of a disability, a 3-day continuing education course will be offered each year to library professionals at the École nationale supérieure des sciences de l'information et des bibliothèques (Enssib).
To support culture professionals in the implementation of the 2005 law, a training plan for the implementation of the built framework has been implemented since 2006 by the General Secretariat, In connection with the Directorate General of Heritage and the Centre of National Monuments: 6 inter-regional seminars 2006-2007 and 4 accessibility workshops in 2008, 2009 and 2010.
These actions are carried out in connection with associations representing disabled people and in particular with access references of departmental directorates of territories.
There are nearly 450 trained professionals in the Culture built environment (central and decentralized departments of the Ministry of Culture, public institutions). Three new case study workshops are scheduled for 2014.
The Ministry of Culture and Communication has launched a series of practical accessibility guides. After a first volume of general scope (2007 edition) and a second volume devoted to live entertainment (2009 edition), a third book dedicated to the reception of people with mental disabilities in cultural places, three other guides are being developed: guide “accessible exhibits”, “libraries, accessibility and disabilities”, and “cinema and accessibility”.
Accessible Exhibits Guide
The draft guide ' Accessible exhibitions » is jointly managed by the Department of Arts and Cultural Education and Development (Cultural Policy and Innovation Coordination Service/ General Secretariat), the Directorate-General for Heritage and the Centre for National Monuments.
The objective of this guide is to provide institutions with a methodological approach and practical information enabling them to take charge of an exhibition project, from the initial stage of the installation of the operation, to its realization in a spirit of universal accessibility, while taking into account the requirements related to preventive conservation.
This guide nourishes the expectations and needs of the project management as well as the experiences and know-how of the project management. It will be addressed to all actors of the scenography project: school directors, curators, mediators and cultural workers, communication, governance, security and reception, as well as architects, scenographers and graphic designers working in close collaboration with them. Using practical examples from the practices identified, it is a question of giving keys «universal accessibility» to the problem of the exhibition.
The Cinema and Accessibility Guide
The National Cinematography Centre proposes to co-publish with the Ministry of Culture and Communication a practical guide of information: Cinema and accessibility », addressed to all professionals who wish to make works and cinematographic establishments accessible (producers, directors, distributors, exhibitors, technical industries, etc.), to all persons relaying the associations, all those concerned with disability issues as well as all those who wish to work on the sound image.
This guide will provide practical advice, complementing the regulatory aspect. Questions dealing with technical conditions, rights, partnerships to be set up, mediations to be established with the public, in and out of the room will be taken up. Testimonies will illustrate actions already put in place.
The release of the book « Cinema and disability » will be punctuated by a seminar for professionals in the sector concerned.
Libraries, Accessibility and Disability
The draft guide ' Libraries, accessibility and disabilities » is jointly managed by the General Secretariat and the Book and Reading Service (Directorate-General for Media and Cultural Industries).
Designed as a resource document for book, library/media library and documentation professionals, it will be published as part of the Ministry of Culture and Communication’s collection of Accessibility “Culture and Disability” practical guides. Its release is scheduled for the first half of 2014.
This guide of recommendations is intended to support the development of adapted proposals in libraries wishing to improve the reception of people with disabilities. It will be based on a concrete approach, anchored in the realities of professions and fields specific to the problems of libraries and media libraries, and more broadly of the actors implementing activities around the book, reading and writing. Recommendations will be formulated on the basis of an analysis of good practice.
As an aid to reflection and decision-making, this book will provide information to:
- to know the specific needs of disabled people in terms of access to books, reading and libraries;
- establish a reception policy adapted to these audiences;
- Identify the arrangements necessary for the accessibility of the library building, be they spaces, traffic, furniture, signage or safety devices.
The proposed solutions will take into account the diversity of situations, distinguishing between new constructions and the compliance of existing buildings. These will be:
- establish partnerships with public and private actors, associations or professionals involved in the field of disability;
- To develop a range of adapted or accessible collections, in a context that is both technological (the appearance of electronic books, the development of technical aids) and legal (exception to copyright, web accessibility obligations);
- set up a range of adapted or accessible activities and services, including “outside the walls”. Methodological tools will be proposed to assist librarians in the design of these animations;
- to build a communication strategy capable of reaching the audiences concerned;
- Training for book and library staff.
The Regional Cultural Affairs Directorates organise regional seminars to raise awareness among cultural professionals about the implementation of the 2005 law. These seminars are broken down by sectors (museums, libraries, performing arts, etc.).