Partnership Chairs in Higher Education and Architecture Research
Partnership Chairs in Higher Education and Research at National Architecture Colleges “Architecture and Innovation” were labeled on July 2, 2020 by the labelling committee as part of the 2019 call for applications of the Ministry of Culture with the aim of foreshadowing, over the period 2020-2023, the form, actions and operating procedures of a permanent partnership chair. These are Chairs in Higher Education and Research whose purpose will be to develop research programmes and educational programmes as well as to participate in the construction of dialogue between academic and professional worlds. They also reflect several priorities for architecture: "boosting training in architectural professions and modernising the conditions of practice of architects"; "to establish the interdepartmental anchorage of architecture, under the impetus of the Ministry of Culture, in order to enable in particular a greater effectiveness of the action of the State in the territories"; and "to accompany architectural innovation at the service of the ecological transition".
1 - PRESENTATION OF THE PARTNERSHIP CHAIR SCHEME
The purpose of the Chair is to conduct teaching and research action programs in close collaboration with local authorities and companies in the first place but also with public bodies (CAUE, State Services, CDC) to produce new knowledge. These new academic knowledge but also know-how and know-how to be are essential to accompany the societal changes underway. They must be powerful levers to evolve the professions of the living environment including the professions of architecture.
The policy of the Ministry of Culture concerning architecture regularly invokes in relation to the teaching of architecture a rapprochement between teaching and research and a research more in touch with the real and the field action. Through the "Architecture and Innovation" project led by the Architecture, Quality of Construction and Living Environment (SDAQCCV) or the "Architecture and Innovation" Chair scheme Supported by the Sub-Directorate for Higher Education and Research in Architecture (SDESRA), the evolution of the professions and teaching of architecture is constantly being questioned.
The topics proposed by the chairs are current issues (natural risks, housing of tomorrow, health and architecture, acclimatization of territories and territorial experimentation/transmission with Proof by 7) that mobilize the services of the State. The Ministry of Culture has the initiative of the creation of chairs in the National Higher Schools of Architecture (ENSA) ensures an interdepartmental portage as the subjects are of interest to the Ministry of Territorial Cohesion, the Ministry of Ecological Transition, the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Higher Education and Research and Innovation.
2 - PRESENTATION OF PARTNERSHIP CHAIRS
- The 5 chairs certified and agreed by the Ministry of Culture:
1. Housing tomorrow
Science Leads: Yankel FIJALKOW (ENSA Paris-Val de Seine) and Anne D'ORAZIO (ENSA Paris-La Villette)
The pulpit Housing tomorrow wants to respond to the urgency of a shared reflection on the evolutions of production, management, transformations and practices of housing, which constitute a major challenge of the 21st century.
Building on the provisions of the National Strategy for Architecture, the Chair Housing tomorrow aims to put in synergy the concerns of professional worlds, teaching and research around this theme. By articulating the social and spatial dimensions of architecture, the work of the Chair will focus on the modes of production and transformation of space, on the architectural, environmental and use qualities of new and existing housing, and the practices of living.
Guaranteeing quality housing for all requires a reflection on the control of land and real estate markets; a better knowledge of the processes of urbanization and the mechanisms of financialization of housing; an apprehension of the modification of the systems of actors. This reflection is to be carried out in all the territories: the central areas, the peripheral neighbourhoods, the peri-urban areas of pavilion housing as well as in the rural territories.
The originality of the Chair’s approach lies in an approach to housing as a social fact that translates spatially. It requires attention to the different scales (macro and micro) as well as the ongoing evolutions and challenges (demographic, ecological transitions, new technologies...). The way we look at these phenomena is in keeping with the contemporary challenges of urban worlds, which require historicizing the processes at work, focusing on the temporal dimensions of actors, professions and organizations.
Associating, within a shared governance, the Ministry of Culture and the National Higher Schools of Architecture of Paris-La Villette and Paris-Val de Seine, the chair Housing tomorrow brings together academic, professional, economic, associative, institutional and political actors around three axes of work and reflection:
- Human space challenges and programmatic challenges
- Housing production and processing methods
- Actors and briefs
2. Acclimatize post-mining territories
Scientific Lead: Beatrice MARIOLLE (ENSAP Lille)
Considered as an open structure of local, innovative and experimental interaction at the intersection of knowledge and action regimes, the «Acclimatize the post-mining territories» chair focuses on the Nord-de-Calais mining basin (1.2 million inhabitants, 250 municipalities, on one hundred and twenty kilometers long, UNESCO World Heritage), and more generally on the acclimatization of post-mining territories in France and internationally. Taking the term “acclimatization” in the meteorological but also social, ecological and economic sense, it questions the design tools and manufacturing methods of the architectural and landscape project, in situations that combine heritage issues and environmental degradation, energy poverty, social fragility, and economic decline. Its international ambition is to make the Nord and Pas-de-Calais mining basin the headquarters of a network on architectural and landscape issues in post-mining territories.
She wants to experiment with tools still little developed by architects and landscapers, in heritage renovation (co-rehabilitation, self-rehabilitation, mediation).
This chair is part of several of the objectives of the National Strategy for Architecture, and more specifically: the circular economy processes of architecture, particularly in relation to the bio-materials sectorseconomic and adaptable social housing in time and space, the renovation of heritage promoting contemporary architectural creation.
The scientific direction is provided by Béatrice Mariolle, Professor HDR TPCAU at ENSAPL and Daniela Poli, Professor University of Florence with for scientific advice Elena Cogato Lanza (EPFL) and Alessandra Ponte (UDM).
Around the ENSAPL, the main partners are the DRAC Hauts-de-France, the Mining Basin Mission, the social donors Maisons-et-Cités and SIA, the ERBM, the APES, the ENSA Clermont-Ferrand, the universities of Artois, Littoral, the Compagnons d'Arras, Louvain and Mons.
3. Experiment, Make, Manufacture & Transmit Evidence by 7 and The Ecircular economies of architecture (EFF&T)
Science Leads: Antonella TUFANO (ENSA Paris-La Villette) and Bendicht WEBER (ENSA Paris-La Villette)
The themes of the EFF&T Partnership Chair, in its prefiguration, focus on the dynamics of construction and transmission of knowledge and know-how of architectural professions in the context of the emergence of the circular economy. The Chair is part of a process of transition that involves experimentation and participation involving several stakeholders. It is a matter of developing, on the one hand, a work of observation of these experiences emerging from the field (for example, those of the Proof by 7) and, on the other hand, of initiating new approaches. The objective of the Chair will be to question the role of transmission (pedagogy, training, research) in the dissemination of innovative programming and construction situations.
Issues and Objectives
The EFF&T Chair proposes to approach, accompany and study such experimental situations - affecting both urban renewal and territorial re-development - from the perspective of the dynamics of the transmission of knowledge and know-how that are part of it, in the ambition to contribute to their consolidation in pedagogical approaches and also those related to research. The objects of study will focus both on the dynamics that concern the knowledge and know-how related to the circular economy of architecture - in particular the processes of reuse of substrate (soil, land), buildings, building components and materials) - than to the existing uses of places - in particular questioning the possibility of taking into account uncertainty through open programming.
Partners
In addition to ENSAPLV, the project leader, are associated with the chair: ENSAPB, HESAM University, the Evidence by 7, the Ministry of Culture. The particularity of its multiple partnership relates, on the one hand, to the possibility of relying on the fields of experimentation present in the ENSA partners and by the approach of the Proof by Seven, but also, on the other hand, on situations that arise in the context of HESAM University and its institutions (CNAM, ENSCI, Ecole Boulle, Compagnons...). Thus, this Chair is characterized by its character as an experimental transversal laboratory with a vocation to undertake innovation actions in architecture.The scientific leaders of the Chair are Antonella Tufano, lecturer HDR Ville et territoire and Bendicht Weber, professor TPCAU.
4. New urban areas facing natural hazards: open shelters
Science Leads: Eric DANIEL-LACOMBE and Xavier BONNAUD (ENSA Paris-La Villette)
The themes of the partnership chair are architecture, natural hazards, architecture theory, inventive analysis of urban transformations, anthropocene.
This chair is in line with several of the objectives of the National Strategy for Architecture (item 3: Sustainable building design and components and item 5: Technologies and architecture of sustainable buildings and cities).
The particularity of its partnership is to bring together actors concerned and engaged in this theme as diverse as: the Directorate General of Risk Prevention of the Ministry of the ecological and solidarity transition, the Cepri, the ENSA of Lyon, the ENSA of Montpellier, the École Normale Supérieure (ENS), the Ecole Urbaine de Lyon and, the Ecole Polytechnique, the University of Strasbourg, the FNHPA, the city of Romorantin...
This multiplicity of actors, institutions and disciplines will also give it the character of a transversal experimental laboratory with the aim of undertaking innovation actions in architecture as well as innovation in pedagogy.
The scientific leaders of the partnership chair are Éric Daniel-Lacombe Architecte (Agence EDL Architecture), Doctor of Urbanism, Professor HDR at ENSA Paris la Villette and Xavier Bonnaud Architecte (Agence Mesostudio), Doctor of Urbanism, HDR professor at ENSA Paris-La Villette and at the Ecole Polytechnique, Director of the GERPHAU laboratory, EA 7486.
Architects are called to shape the habitats that the societies in which they work demand. To ensure their safety, the architect must therefore design, with them, a possible shelter, an architecture.
At this point of common legal constraints on security, the chair «New urbanities and natural risks: shelters-open» takes a new position:The safety of all is necessary, but its implementation must also challenge its unintended effects. Indeed, sheltering isolates: it reinforces the break with the cycles of life, making it impossible to understand the natural risks.
A building art that relies only on its functional ability to produce thermal, acoustic, hygienic insulation... establishes well on the security of shelters, but also too much separation and isolation: of others (human and non-human), of the terrestrial geography, living environments, ecosystems, nature. If you can’t get out, life in the shelter becomes unbearable. Floods and Covid-19 are a reminder.
Architecture therefore has, in our view, the responsibility to ensure openness at the same time as shelter, to share this double concern with its partners and to prepare for its realization, from the initial discussions of programming until the end of the project.
For the chair the construction of knowledge is played out on three architectural registers:
- updating the architectural use of sensitive forms,
- the exploration of the forms and conditions of exercise of the maieutics of conducting an architectural project,
- The production of architectural concepts that make it possible to prepare the opening on humans and non-humans of future inhabitants.
New urban areas facing natural hazards: open shelters
5. Architecture, design, health: ARCHIDES
Scientific Lead: Donato SEVERO (ENSA Paris-Val de Seine)
The ARCHIDES Partnership Chair, proposes a multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary teaching and research approach that will be developed with its founding members: l'Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris - APHP, l'École Nationale Supérieure d'Architecture Paris-Val de Seine, its laboratory EVCAU, the Camondo School and the AP-HP Foundation for Research, a hospital foundation dedicated to supporting health research.
The ARCHIDES Partnership Chair aims to be a hub for monitoring, research, partnership development, teaching and training in architecture, in interior architecture and design dedicated to health in its broadest sense and to the hospital as a place in full transformation.
These activities will be associated with the researchers of the EVCAU Laboratory - Digital Environments, Architectural and Urban Cultures, of ENSAPVS and in particular its axis «Architecture, health, vulnerability» (responsible Donato SEVERO Professor HDR). The chair will be able to build on the collaborations with the University of Paris permitted by decree no. 2017-387 of 23 March 2017 on the association of the Ecole nationale supérieure d'architecture de Paris-Val de Seine to the Université Paris-VII.
The main objective of the chair is to improve the habitability of the environment and spaces of health through architecture and design in a humanistic approach.
1. Develop creativity in design and project practices
2. Generate and share new knowledge and projects
3. Teaching, Transmitting and Sharing New Health Project Expertise
4. Develop a multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary approach in an international ecosystem.
It will be able to develop three lines of research to address a broad spectrum of questions. These three axes will make it possible to organize programs, teams, partnerships:
1.Transformation and conversion of the built heritage of health facilities
2.Hospital Use and Design: Care
3.The health ecosystem: beyond the hospital.
The objective of habitability and the thematic articulations of the three axes are strongly associated with the strategic issues of sustainable development - inscribed in the priorities of the Ministry of Culture - such as:
. The circular economy of architecture (deconstruction, reuse of materials, better waste management);
. New uses and renovation of 20th century heritage;
. Technologies and architecture of sustainable buildings and cities. Design and components of sustainable buildings.
It aims to provide operational responses, to rethink and contextualize the issues specific to the hospital and health care environments. It will invest in the pedagogy, research and innovation that stand out the major changes in the world of health in the context of demographic, genomic, ecological and digital transition. Health questions architectural culture and contemporary design in its most committed and innovative aspects. It addresses the problem of well-being, comfort and territorial management of equipment and services. Creativity is the distinctive character of the practices of architectural design and design oriented towards the future and underpinned by the intention to improve living conditions and habitability.
- The 4 chairs certified by the Ministry of Culture:
1. The coast as a project territory
Scientific Lead: Frédéric BONNET (ENSA Paris East)
In the face of the impacts of climate change, shorelines are today the object of many concerns: sea level rise, coastal erosion, disturbance of ecosystems on a shoreline… These issues reflect the growing need to renew the approach to development in these territories over the long term.
Around this particularly transversal and interdisciplinary theme, the Partnership Chair «The Coastline as a Project Territory» aims to bring together researchers and teachers, public institutional partners and private economic actors. The project of «designed» territory, in the sense of design, which refers to the common domain of architecture, urban planning and landscape, holds a central place.
The coastline as a project territory - ENSA Paris-Est
2. Nouvelles ruralités - Architecture and living environments
Scientific Lead: Marc VERDIER (ENSA Nancy)
The partnership chair in teaching and research Nouvelles ruralités - Architecture et milieux vivants aims, in a multidisciplinary approach, to provide elements of understanding and to propose innovative concepts, in a logic of ecological and societal transition. Imagine the rural world in 2050.
A series of questions follows: How is the collective imagination of the campaign renewed? How is the territory organized, in relation to cities and metropolises? What are the implications in terms of lifestyles, living, doing, functioning? What are the consequences for our relationship at work? What new economies are inventing or reinventing themselves? How can solidarity, whether human, ecological or territorial, be thought of? What role does the rural world play in ecological management and resource production in an unbalanced world? In a word, how can we put rural territory, a place of experimentation and innovation, in the foreground, as much as urban territory?
Chair Nouvelles ruralités - Architecture et milieux vivants - ENSA Nancy
3. Territorialisation
Scientific Lead: Romain LAJARGE (ENSA Grenoble)
The Chair consists in facilitating a scientific, technical and political debate on this topic, recording the experiences of territorialisation of certain communities for 15 years, investigating original and reproducible experiments of territorialisation, to facilitate multidisciplinary action research activities on this theme, to make the most of the results obtained (scientific publications, general public and targeted audiences) and to create training modules adapted to the needs of initial or continuing training. The scientific objective of the Chair is to describe and analyze the achievements in territorialisation, the diversity of practices of public actors and collective actors involved in it, the strategic stakes and the theoretical problems revealed by territorialisation.
Territorisation Chair - ENSA Grenoble
4. Renewable natural resources, climate & architecture
Renewable natural resources, climate & architecture: Ecosystems, climates and bio-/geo - resources as vectors of transformations and architectural and constructive innovations
Main theme: New building materials
Research Unit: Architecture Territory Environment (ATE) (EA 7464)
Scientific leaders: François FLEURY and Sophie CAMBRILLAT (ENSA Normandie)
Scientific Council (in alphabetical order): Perrine Belin, Franck Bichindaritz, Sophie Cambrillat, François Fleury, Caroline Maniaque, Laurent Mouly, François Streiff, Richard Thomas.
PhD students: Carole Lemans, Raphaël Rattier
Material Manager: Jean-Luc Chevallier
Partners: Métropole Rouen Normandie; CAUE 76; Conseil régionale de l'ordre des architectes (Maison de l'architecture; Consortium de l'ensemble des PNR normands; Unilasalle; Esitc; Codem; DREAL Normandie; ARPE Normandie; Normandy branches: hemp, straw, flax, raw earth/ regional asso; Eco pertica HAU; Hanoi Architectural University IRD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, IRD Vietnam; IFADUR, Institut franco-chinois d'architecture et développement durable urbain et rural; Tongji University, Shanghai, represented by Professor ZHUO Jian; Sichuan University, Chengdu (Workshop Caroline Maniaque) BCB T radical (Lhoist Group); Sodineuf Dieppe (Alinov project)
Renewable natural resources, climate & architecture - ENSA Normandy
- Other Partnership Chairs
Following theNational call for projects launched in 2016 As part of the NADS, the Ministry of Culture has selected five “Partnership Chairs in Architecture Teaching and Research” projects from fourteen proposals. By bringing together academic, professional, economic and community stakeholders in these chairs around strategic themes, the ENSA contribute to meeting the challenges posed by major societal challenges. Rooted in the territories, the winning projects bring strong pedagogical and scientific innovations.
1. Innovative metropolitan mobility
This Franco-Chinese chair in action research and teaching was initiated in November 2015 by the ENSA in Strasbourg, in partnership with Systra and the Tongji University in Shanghai.
Summary Presentation:
The Franco-Chinese Action Research and Teaching Chair on Innovative Metropolitan Mobility was created in 2015 by the Strasbourg National School of Architecture (ENSAS), the College of Architecture and Urban Planning (CAUP) of the University of Tongji (Shanghai) and SYSTRA, the international leader in public transport systems.
The objective of the Chair is to bring together teacher-researchers from architecture schools, professionals from the city and transport and public actors around concrete actions aimed at sustainable and innovative mobility in today’s metropolises, both in Europe and Asia. It offers a training programme (PhD students and Master 2 students), basic research and action research with the actors, with the aim of putting in perspective, disseminate and promote research on the sustainable metropolitan project conducted in the laboratories of architecture schools in France and China.
The Chair has already undertaken several important actions (symposia, seminars and congresses, workshops, platforms for cooperation on teaching and research) with teachers and actors of the city, both in Shanghai, Nanjing, Strasbourg and Paris. One of the main activities of the Chair was the organization of FabLab, exploratory work sessions around the factory of metropolitan mobility, organized twice a year in China. They brought together teachers, PhD students, architects and engineers, around projects and project methods combining mobility, metropolitan territory, public space and energy transition, in the continuity of the research program Ignis Mutat Res (IMR-MC).
Website: Innovative metropolitan mobility (AMUP)
2. Architecture and wood construction: from heritage to digital
The Chair project, led by the ENSA in Nancy and Strasbourg, in partnership with the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Technologies et Industries du Bois (Épinal), aims to exploit the potential of wood materials in a triple environmental approach, heritage and digital.
Summary Presentation:
The partnership chair «Architecture et construction bois: du patrimoine au numérique» is the result of a scientific and field approach carried out in recent years at the ENSA Nancy, and the Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Technologies et Industries du Bois (ENSTIB-University of Lorraine) in Epinal, which from the outset has involved experimental and project areas. It mobilizes the two research units of ENSA Nancy: the MAP-CRAI (Centre for Research in Architecture and Engineering) and the LHAC (Laboratory for the History of Contemporary Architecture).
It benefits from the national context Plan research and innovation 2025 Forest-wood sector, of the National Wood Action Plan and is based on a particular context, that of the presence in a Grand Est territory of all the components of the forest-wood sector, of a competitiveness Fibre Energivie, of the local academic structuring, the presence of the inter-profession, and the strong mobilization of communities.
This partnership chair values the potential of the material, which is strategic in its renewable, recyclable nature and its contribution to the fight against climate change. Low energy consumption in its implementation, highly insulating, it claims to be one of the basic materials in the design and construction of buildings with high energy performance and zero environmental impact.
The field of wood construction is now in full evolution with digital design tools (parametric modelling, dynamic simulation, digital mock-up, etc.) and manufacturing tools (digital control machines, construction robotics, etc.). The Chair aims to take advantage of current research on the digital continuum, the context of very rapid changes in the design, manufacturing and organization of construction applied to the wood industry, by also studying the evolution of practices, obstacles and perspectives.
This research chair promotes the use of wood material by demonstrating its ecological properties and value, and develops new strategies for enhancing the wood sector.
Website: Architecture and wood construction: from heritage to digital (MAP-CRAI)
3. Digital RDL - Research by Design Laboratory
Digital Ecology - Environmental Design - Architecture 2.0
This chair focuses on the digital transition of the architectural discipline through the development of a research approach through design that allows to program, design, manufacture, perceive and evaluate «non-standard» architectures
Summary Presentation:
The Partnership Chair «Digital RDL, Research by Design Laboratory - Digital Ecology, Environmental Design, Architecture 2.0» is the result of a multi-sectoral and interdisciplinary teaching and research approach developed at the Grenoble Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Architecture within the Cresson Laboratory (UMR AAU), with in particular its partners from the Grenoble Alpes University, like LIG, INRIA, GEM.
Its aim is to continue developing partnerships appropriate to its research priorities (creative research, action research, technological research or basic research). For 5 years, the team of the chair is invested in the pedagogy, research and innovation that stand out the digital transition of the architectural discipline.
Promoting a required and necessary transdisciplinarity through the convergence of integrated research practices around the realization of finalized objects, the approach promotes the emergence of disruptive technologies, product innovation, value creation and social criticism. While effectively accelerating innovation processes, the approach allows for a critical reflection on the ethics of an emerging digital ecology.
The singularity of the chair is to develop a design research focused on the morphogenesis of programmed, designed, engineered, evaluated and reconfigured ambient environments. This environmental design approach goes beyond a traditional practice of “living lab” in that it is more extensive (from design to use) and relies on the reconfiguration of research objects in “real” situations that directly impact civil society (connected furniture/ immersive space/ interactive architecture).
Parallel to the use of «cyber physical» systems that characterize pervasive and ubiquitous digital materiality, the Chair also mobilizes the expertise of the social and cognitive sciences to understand the lived experience and behavioural transformations that accompany the perception and use of a non-standard architecture and the generalization of digital affordances that characterize our emerging environments.
Website: Digital RDL - Research by Design Laboratory
4. Habitat for the future
The “Habitat of the Future” Chair (collective portage ENSA Lyon, Saint-Etienne, Grenoble, Clermont-Ferrand and Major Workshops) aims to develop experimentation and prototyping, especially in the area of economic, adaptable and eco-responsible housing.
The “Habitat of the Future” 2018/2021 Partnership Chair in Architecture is a research and development agency focused on housing. The general research question on which the chair focuses is the following: How to produce, in large numbers, eco-responsible, economical and adaptable housing, new or rehabilitated?
In France, this question is currently acute in the context of a tense situation between the need to succeed in the energy and ecological transition which implies an increase in technical complexity (resulting in an increase in the cost of construction) on the one hand, and the chronic lack of housing, which has led to a rise in the price of real estate, which in turn has led to a drop in certain categories of the population. The main question is then divided into three complementary questions, each of which does not quite represent the same issues:
1. How can the existing stock of 35.4 million homes be upgraded to make a successful energy transition in the housing sector?
2. How can we quickly and en masse produce eco-responsible economic housing to reduce the housing deficit that has accumulated over the past 20 years by 2030?
3. Where to set up and how to design these dwellings so that they are able to adapt to future developments, both in terms of climate and in terms of uses and changes in lifestyles?
For more information :
Office of Architectural, Urban and Landscape Research
DGP / SA / SDESRA / BRAUP
Ministry of Culture and Communication
182, rue Saint-Honoré - F 75033 Paris Cedex 01
Valérie Wathier
Assistant to the Head of the Office of Architectural, Urban and Landscape Research
valerie.wathier@culture.gouv.fr
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